It is common to use the term ‘after’ when referring to prints that were created based on an already existing painting. Chagall painted a maquette of this image in the 1920's at the suggestion of Ambroise Vollard and then worked with master printmaker/publisher, Guy Spitzer, to create an edition in order to sell commercially. The edition sizes tend to be larger and the techniques more mechanical, but it is done with the artist’s supervision and final hand signature on the work.