Gottfried Jäger began to use the term “generative photography" to describe the photographic process as a logical, mathematical language: a “generative" system.

The term “generative aesthetics” was defined by German philosopher Max Bense in 1965 as the deliberate and methodical production of aesthetic structures, on the basis of precisely defined (mathematical) programs with the aid of technical equipment.

Based on this theoretical background and on Noam Chomsky’s theory of generative grammar, Jäger also views photography as a methodology of a language with a syntax and a visual grammar that is not used in an illustrative manner, but rather makes visible a structure conceived by the artist.

In 1968 Jäger invited Kilian Breier, Hein Gravenhorst and Pierre Cordier to exhibit in Generative Fotografie at Kunsthalle Bielefeld, where he inaugurated the term and the theory of generative photography. Breier exhibited permutational photograms, Gravenhorst showed his photomechanical transformations, Cordier his chemigrams and Jäger his pinhole structures. Although at first glance one would classify these works of art as experimental photography, they differed in their precise structure. This was the beginning of one of the most fundamental movements in post-war photography.

Jäger used a self-made camera obscura for his Lochblendenstruktur (Pinhole Structures) and created around 300 works based on this principle from 1967 to 1973. Pinhole Structures are based on rational aesthetics and information theory, all influenced by cybernetics and the ideas of constructivism. The title Lochblendenstruktur (Pinhole Structure) 3.8.14 D 3.1 refers to a program how to use the pinhole camera obscura and especially implies that this aesthetic structure could be re-created anytime by using the same instructions.

The Pinhole Structures have been exhibited in major computer art exhibitions in the 1960s, such as Tendencije 4 at Galerija suvremene umjetnosti in Zagreb, and have become one of the most recognizable examples of computer art.
- Provenance
  The artist

12

Gottfried Jäger

Lochblendenstruktur 3.8.14 D 3.1

titled, dated, numbered and signed 'Lochblendenstruktur 3.8.14 D 3.1, 1967 (3/3) (vintage) G. JÄGER' on the reverse
gelatin silver print
51.2 x 49.4 cm (20 1/8 x 19 1/2 in.)
Executed in 1967, this work is number 3 from an edition of 3.

Full Cataloguing

Estimate
£15,000 - 20,000 ‡

Sold for £18,900

Contact Specialist

Benjamin Kandler
Project Lead for Digital Art, Phillips
+44 7393 141 146
bkandler@phillips.com

Alexis Chompaisal
NFT Manager
achompaisal@phillips.com

NFT@phillips.com

Ex-Machina: A History of Generative Art

Online Auction 13-20 July 2022

1No Reserve
Snowfro
Chromie Squiggle #9304
Estimate £10,000 - 15,000 •
Sold for £22,680
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
2
Herbert W. Franke
Untitled (from the Oszillogramme (1954-58) series)
Estimate £8,500 - 10,000 ‡
Sold for £10,710
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
3
Herbert W. Franke
Untitled (from the Dürer Hase Digital series)
Estimate £10,000 - 12,000 ‡
Sold for £17,640
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
4
Jeff Davis
Reflections #98
Estimate £30,000 - 40,000
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
5
Georg Nees
Construct/Décor [8] Chtonoid
Estimate £2,000 - 3,000 ♠
Sold for £2,520
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
6
Frieder Nake
Matrix Multiplication Series 34
Estimate £20,000 - 25,000 ‡
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
7
Frieder Nake
Random Polygonal Train Horizontal/Vertical
Estimate £30,000 - 35,000 ‡
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
8
Dmitri Cherniak
Ringers #29
Estimate £1,100,000 - 1,300,000
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
9
Dmitri Cherniak
Ringers #191
Estimate £900,000 - 1,100,000
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
10
Dmitri Cherniak
Ringers #77
Estimate £400,000 - 500,000
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
11
Dmitri Cherniak
Ringers #61
Estimate £400,000 - 500,000
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
12
Gottfried Jäger
Lochblendenstruktur 3.8.14 D 3.1
Estimate £15,000 - 20,000 ‡
Sold for £18,900
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
13
Hein Gravenhorst
Siemensstern Tableau 3 Series 1
Estimate £14,000 - 18,000 ‡
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
14
Hein Gravenhorst
Mondelement Multiple Rotation
Estimate £7,500 - 10,000 ‡
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
15
0xDEAFBEEF
Series 5: Advection - Token 222
Estimate £200,000 - 300,000
Sold for £252,000
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
16
Vladimir Bonačić
GF.E 16 S
Estimate £65,000 - 80,000 ‡
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
17
Vladimir Bonačić
PLN-1 5
Estimate £20,000 - 25,000 ‡
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
18
Vladimir Bonačić
PLN 9
Estimate £15,000 - 20,000 ‡
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
19
Eduardo Kac
D|EU|S [DE|I|TY]
Estimate £20,000 - 25,000 ‡
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
20
The Distributed Gallery
The Chaos Machine
Estimate £40,000 - 60,000 ‡ ♠
Sold for £37,800
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
21
Vera Molnar
8 Colonnes
Estimate £8,000 - 10,000 ♠
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
22
Vera Molnar
(Des)ordres
Estimate £80,000 - 100,000 ‡
Sold for £100,800
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
23
Tyler Hobbs
One Dozen Hands With Nothing To Do
Estimate £150,000 - 180,000 ‡
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
24
Tyler Hobbs
Incomplete Control #98
Estimate £200,000 - 300,000
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
25
Tyler Hobbs
Fidenza #61
Estimate £80,000 - 120,000
Sold for £302,400
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
26
Matt DesLauriers
Meridian #762
Estimate £18,000 - 22,000
Sold for £22,680
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
27
Matt DesLauriers
Meridian #640
Estimate £10,000 - 15,000
Sold for £11,970
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
28
Harold Cohen
Early One Morning
Estimate £10,000 - 12,000 ♠
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
29No Reserve
Anne Spalter
Unconstructed Dream Space #2: Inner and Outer Space
Estimate £7,500 - 10,000 •
Sold for £6,048
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
30
Jennifer & Kevin McCoy
Quantum Leap (Primordial Star 3)
Estimate £90,000 - 110,000
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
31No Reserve
Rhea Myers
Certificate of Inauthenticity: Urinal (10 of 11)
Estimate £8,000 - 10,000 •
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
32
Anna Ridler
Store of Value
Estimate £5,000 - 7,000 †
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
33
Monica Rizzolli
Fragments of an Infinite Field #302; Fragments of an Infinite Field #588; Fragments of an Infinite Field #689; Fragments of an Infinite Field #894 (4)
Estimate £20,000 - 30,000
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
34
Harm van den Dorpel
Racia (Mutant Garden Seeder)
Estimate £6,000 - 8,000 †
Sold for £7,560
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
35
Harm van den Dorpel
Event Listeners
Estimate £8,500 - 10,000 †
Sold for £10,710
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
36
Charles Csuri
Six Bearded Men
Estimate £40,000 - 60,000 ‡
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
37
Casey Reas
Path (Software 1)
Estimate £12,000 - 15,000 †
Sold for £15,120
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
38
Vuk Ćosić
Deep ASCII
Estimate £40,000 - 50,000
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
39
Charles Csuri
Ahead of Time, 2007
Estimate £25,000 - 35,000
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
40
Tomislav Mikulić
Herbert and Tom
Estimate £3,000 - 5,000
Sold for £3,024
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
41
Tomislav Mikulić
Elips
Estimate £3,000 - 5,000
Sold for £3,276
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
42
Desmond Paul Henry
Diagram for "Zoology of Antigeos"
Estimate £5,000 - 7,000
Sold for £5,670
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
43
Kelian Maissen and Johannes Gees
Kleee02 Token 46
Estimate £6,000 - 8,000 ‡
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.
44
UBERMORGEN
AACH_ 3rfid_in_my_box
Estimate £2,000 - 4,000 ♠
Sold for £2,520
Create your first list.
Select an existing list or create a new list to share and manage lots you follow.

Ex-Machina: A History of Generative Art

Online Auction 13-20 July 2022

Create your first list.

Provenance

12

Gottfried Jäger

Lochblendenstruktur 3.8.14 D 3.1

Ex-Machina: A History of Generative Art

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.

Create your first list.