Rosanna Widén
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\nOlivia Thornton
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\n+ 44 20 7318 4099
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'In finding your place in sculpture, you need to find the material that offers you just the right resistance. As it turns out, car metal offers me the correct resistance so that I can make a form—not overform it or underform it.'
\n—John ChamberlainWith its distinctive twisted ribbons of brightly coloured metal and intuitive sense of form, Snatching Bookie Bob is immediately recognisable as the work of celebrated American sculptor John Chamberlain. Carefully balancing the gestural immediacy of Abstract Expression, Minimalism’s emphasis on industrial fabrication, and the vibrancy of Pop, Chamberlain developed a highly unique artistic voice that drew plastic volume and mass from everyday materials. The cornerstone of his practice, Chamberlain first started working with wrecked automobile parts in 1957, the beginnings of an inventive technical approach that would span six decades. Executed in 2000 and included in a solo exhibition of new sculpture with Pace Wildenstein in the same year, Snatching Bookie Bob is a confident expression of the mature artist’s technical mastery, generating complex spatial relationships in the folds and textures of painted and chromium plated steel that here take on a remarkable fluidity.

\n\n

Chamberlain in Context

\n\n

\nHaving served in the US Navy during World War II, Chamberlain enrolled at the renowned Black Mountain college, a school particularly respected in the mid-century for its emphasis on interdisciplinarity and formal experimentation. Here Chamberlain wrote poetry under the tutelage of Charles Olson, whose notion of the poem as a vehicle for transferring energy from the poet to the reader, ‘a high energy-construct and, at all points, an energy discharge’ clearly chimes with Chamberlain’s dynamic sense of sculptural form. Like poems too, his works can be seen as composed of distinct elements, extracted like individual words from their intended use and recombined in startling new relationships. In this respect, his practice is often described as developing a mode of three-dimensional collage, extending his earlier more painterly experiments - and the Abstract Expressionism that they drew on – into sculptural forms.
\n
\nThe energy of Chamberlain’s compositions, and the expressive plasticity he extracted from his industrially produced materials makes a fascinating correlation to the forms and themes of early 20^th century Italian Futurism, especially pronounced given the emphasis on the automobile in his practice. Indeed, it was an apocryphal car accident that gave birth to the first truly modern avant-garde movement, their 1909 manifesto detailing the symbolic rebirth of Futurism’s founder F.T. Marinetti from the wreckage of a car crash into the modern machine age and the moment ‘When I came up—torn, filthy, and stinking—from under the capsized car, I felt the white-hot iron of joy deliciously pass through my heart!’.

\n\n

\"Umberto — Umberto Boccioni, *Dinamismo di un Ciclista (Dynamism of a Cyclist)*, 1913, Peggy Guggenheim Collection (long term loan from the Gianni Mattioli Collection), Venice. Image: Heritage Images / Fine Art Images / akg-images

\n\n

Although Chamberlain does not celebrate or fetishize the automobile in quite the same way, his commitment to it as a material, and as one rooted in 20th century modes of production and more conceptual notions of mid-century American aspiration certainly resonates with the aims and interests of the Italian Futurists. Not long after first experimenting with the sculptural possibilities of scrap metal, and car parts Chamberlain was included in the 1961 Art of Assemblage exhibition at The Museum of Modern Art in New York, which emphasised these connections in showing his work alongside Futurist, Surrealist, and Cubist works.

\n\n

\nAlthough he did expand his repertoire to include a range of other materials including plexiglass and galvanised steel, his sculpted automobile parts remain his signature works. Renewing his focus on the car in 1970, he developed his technical approach by cutting and painting the twisted strips of metal, as we can see in Snatching Bookie Bob. Sandblasting the original paintwork from the metal, Chamberlain reapplied a selection of bright and bold enamels by hand, juxtaposed against bare areas of polished chrome.

\n\n

The Snatching of Bookie Bob

\n\n

\nThe title of the work is taken from a short story by American writer Damon Runyon, whose world of gangsters, hustlers, actors, and petty criminals in and around Brooklyn and Manhattan captured the social dynamics and slang specific to the city coming out of the Prohibition era. Collected in the 1950 publication Runyon on Broadway, The Snatching of Bookie Bob focuses on the failed attempt of ‘Harry the Horse’ and ‘Spanish John’ to make some fast cash by ‘snatching’ notorious bookmaker ‘Bookie Bob’ and exhorting money from him and his associates.

\n\n

'Now I do not know Bookie Bob personally, but of course I know who Bookie Bob is, and so does everybody else in this town that ever goes to a racetrack, because Bookie Bob is the biggest bookmaker around and about, and has plenty of scratch.' —The Snatching of Bookie BobConforming to Runyon’s distinctive prose style and told entirely in the present tense, the story opens in 1931 in the shadow of the Wall Street Crash, ‘scratch’, and ways of securing it being particularly prominent. Taken under house arrest the wily bookmaker convinces his captors to place bets through him to pass the time, which in the end far outweighs the sum they were ransoming Bookie Bob for in the first place, leading to a further scheme from which he will financially benefit. Bumping into Bookie Bob and his wife some weeks later it becomes clear that ‘Bob’s ever-loving wife’ was the one that ‘put the finger’ on him in the first place.

\n\n

\nIn its wit, economy, and treatment of everyday, specifically American vernacular, The Snatching of Bookie Bob draws certain compositional comparisons to Chamberlain’s 2000 work: both the crushed automobile parts and Runyan’s use of contemporary slang both capturing something quintessentially American. While Chamberlain was always keen to highlight his use of crushed car parts as the result of availability rather than socio-political commentary, his works seems to speak poetically to the rise and fall of the American century, of Machine Age optimism, and aspiration. Building on these ideas and innovative approach to materials, Chamberlain has influenced a broad range of contemporary artists using recycled materials to directly address questions of consumerism, the environmental crisis, and global inequality today.

\n\n

‘John Chamberlain: The Artist’, for the Guggenheim Museum. Curator Susan Davidson and artist Lawrence Weiner discussing the life and work of John Chamberlain.

\n\n

Collector's Digest

\n\n

\n• Internationally renowned for his twisted metal sculptures and experiments with other industrial materials, examples of John Chamberlain’s work can be found in the permanent collections of the Art Institute of Chicago, the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden in Washington D.C., the Museum of Modern Art in New York, and the Tate Collection in London.

\n\n

\n• Over the years major retrospectives of Chamberlain’s work across a range of media including photography, film, sculpture, and painting have been held at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York, and the Museum of Contemporary Art in Los Angeles.

\n\n

• After a yearlong restoration, the building that houses 23 monumental sculptures by John Chamberlain in Marfa, Texas will reopen this April.

\n\n

ⁱ Charles Olson, ‘Projective Verse’, 1950.
\nⁱⁱ Filippo. Tommaso. Marinetti, ‘The Founding and Manifesto of Futurism’ (1909), in Vassiliki Kolocotroni, Jane Goldman, and Olga Taxidou, eds., Modernism: An Anthology of Sources and Documents, Edinburgh, 1998, p. 250.

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拍賣 2022年3月3日格林尼治時間下午4:00
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\n星期日下午12:00-下午6:00
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\n伯克利廣場30號（地圖）
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- 5月4日》","https://assets.phillips.com/auctions/UK010122/164970_001.jpg","47","highlights",[1552,1557,1561,1565,1569,1573,1577,1581,1585,1589],{"_608":1553,"_538":1554,"_1555":1556},"https://assets.phillips.com/auctions/UK010122/91_hi.jpg","

DAVID HOCKNEY Self-Portrait on the Terrace, 1984

\n","version","1645756009",{"_608":1558,"_538":1559,"_1555":1560},"https://assets.phillips.com/auctions/UK010122/92_hi.jpg","

HURVIN ANDERSON Untitled (Handsworth Park), 1998

\n","1645755981",{"_608":1562,"_538":1563,"_1555":1564},"https://assets.phillips.com/auctions/UK010122/93_hi.jpg","

JACK WHITTEN Space Busters III, 2014

\n","1645755957",{"_608":1566,"_538":1567,"_1555":1568},"https://assets.phillips.com/auctions/UK010122/94_hi.jpg","

ROBERT NAVA Sylvia (87 Sylvia), 2020

\n","1645755938",{"_608":1570,"_538":1571,"_1555":1572},"https://assets.phillips.com/auctions/UK010122/95_hi.jpg","

CECILY BROWN When Time Ran Out, 2016

\n","1645755911",{"_608":1574,"_538":1575,"_1555":1576},"https://assets.phillips.com/auctions/UK010122/96_hi.jpg","

KAWS THIS IS THE WAY, 2014

\n","1645755885",{"_608":1578,"_538":1579,"_1555":1580},"https://assets.phillips.com/auctions/UK010122/166171_001_hi.jpg","

BANKSY Laugh Now Monkeys with Monkey Placards, 2000

\n","1645786145",{"_608":1582,"_538":1583,"_1555":1584},"https://assets.phillips.com/auctions/UK010122/98_hi.jpg","

SIGMAR POLKE Ohne Titel, 1965

\n","1645755842",{"_608":1586,"_538":1587,"_1555":1588},"https://assets.phillips.com/auctions/UK010122/99_hi.jpg","

GERHARD RICHTER Abstraktes Bild, 1992

\n","1645755820",{"_608":1590,"_538":1591,"_1555":1592},"https://assets.phillips.com/auctions/UK010122/910_hi.jpg","

CECILY BROWN Blithe Spirit, 1999

\n","1645755798",{"_93":1594,"_95":1595,"_110":1596},"2022-02-23T00:00:00.000000Z","2022-03-03T00:00:00.000000Z",[1597,1598],{"_113":122,"_115":163,"_117":118,"_119":124},{"_113":126,"_115":126,"_117":214,"_119":124},"articles",[1601,1625,1635,1645],{"_1602":1603,"_1604":198,"_1605":1606,"_538":1607,"_1608":1609,"_1610":1611,"_1612":1613,"_1614":1615,"_1616":497,"_1617":1618,"_490":497,"_1619":1620,"_1621":1622,"_1623":1624},"coverUrl","https://flockler.com/thumbs/sites/889/david-hockney-phillips-auction-sale-1ba4f4d9-671b-467b-8a0a-63e742634b01_s600x0.jpg","section","summary","Everything is better with a soundtrack. Hard Mode: No Vivaldi ","A Song for Every Season","body","

David Hockney, Self-Portrait on the Terrace, 1984. 20th Century & Contemporary Art London.

\n\n

With Phillips’ 3 March 20th Century & Contemporary Art Sale in London just around the corner, we’ve selected works that embody the colors and emotional landscapes of each season and paired them with a playlist of songs to evoke the moods associated with them.

\n\n

Spring: David Hockney

\n\n

Basking in an inimitable California sunshine and executed in vibrant passages of bold color, Self-Portrait on the Terrace is a vibrant example of David Hockney’s California landscapes, highly unusual in its incorporation of a delicately rendered self-portrait. Painting the areas in and around his Hollywood Hills home after having relocated to this spot on the West Coast in 1978, Hockney took great inspiration from the dramatic, expansive landscapes he discovered on drives through the hills above the city. Among the many, fantastic paintings of the wide-open vistas and ribbons of road carved into the hillsides around Los Angeles that Hockney captured in these years, undoubtedly it was the house itself that quickly emerged as a favorite subject, reproduced across a selection of paintings, drawings, and prints from the period. In the gossamer impression of Hockney’s figure, we see a Janus-like face peering in opposite directions, as if trying to follow a concerto of birdsong around the yard on an early spring morning.

\n\n

Spring Tunes

\n\n

Joathan Harvey - Bird Concerto with Pianosong

\n\n

Wild Nothing - Chinatown

\n\n

Clams Casino - Treetop

\n\n

Stelvio Cipriani - Papaya

\n\n

Blue Hawaii - In Two

\n\n

\n\n

Harold Ancart, Untitled, 2015. 20th Century & Contemporary Art London.

\n\n

Summer: Harold Ancart

\n\n

Teeming with Harold Ancart’s signature motifs and vibrant color in an otherworldly landscape, Untitled from 2015 beautifully embodies the artist’s painterly style for which he has become so highly regarded. Strongly identifying with an individualized notion of the flâneur as “one who walks around and tries to isolate poetic moments out of the everyday urban landscape,” Ancart’s visual lexicon is at once familiar and jarringly surreal. Slightly distorted shapes, manipulated horizon lines, and inverted color schemes challenge viewers to examine the world in new and unusual ways, as if through a pair of dazzlingly psychedelic lenses on a particularly hazy day. Dazzling and kaleidoscopic, Untitled is a pre-eminent example of Ancart’s confident handling of color. The unmistakable summer haze, that of a late afternoon which lingers beyond its reservation and well into the early evening, like a sun that meanders instead of sets, finds a prominent place in the world of Ancart’s painting just as a tropical flâneur seeks a soundtrack to a walk along an endless beach.

\n\n

Summer Jams

\n\n

Polo & Pan - Canopée

\n\n

Surfer Blood - Miranda

\n\n

Washed Out - It All Feels Right

\n\n

Neon Indian - Deadbeat Summer

\n\n

Queen - Seaside Rendezvous

\n\n

\n\n

Günther Förg, Ohne titel, 2008. 20th Century & Contemporary Art London.

\n\n

Autumn: Günther Förg

\n\n

Günther Förg’s untitled work from 2008 belongs to the artist's iconic Spot Paintings, the last of his illustrious career and representing the culmination of five decades of sustained investigation into the nature of colour and structure. Characterized by loose scrawls of vibrantly hued pigments arranged in staccato formations across a vast expanse of brilliant white ground, Förg generates fascinating variety and movement through the careful juxtaposition of brighter hues of yellow ochre, vermillion, and electric shocks of cerulean blue, which oscillate against the earthier tones of chestnut browns and forest greens. The effect of this executed on such a large, immersive scale is deeply absorbing – highlighting at once the artist’s unique vision, and his sustained dialogue with art historical tradition. There is a distinct lyricism in Förg’s work which offers an interplay between the intensity of his color choices and resonant placement of words in a melody. Like any enduring song, it contains a level of familiarity but at the same time something novel, before its time yet fiercely independent of trending styles.

\n\n

Autumn Sounds

\n\n

Donovan - Season of the Witch

\n\n

Françoise Hardy - Le temps de l'amour

\n\n

Krisma - Lola

\n\n

Russian Circles - Mládek

\n\n

All Natural Lemon & Lime Flavors - Saturn Jig

\n\n

\n\n

Claude Monet, Le Golfe Juan, 1888. 20th Century & Contemporary Art London.

\n\n

Winter: Claude Monet

\n\n

Although painted in the spring of 1888, Claude Monet’s Le Golfe Juan is backgrounded by a waning alpine winter that so beautifully shades the emergent warmth of the Mediterranean coastline, with warm, softly diffused light capturing a dream-like feeling experienced like a confident look ahead from what remains of the long chill. Capturing the shifting qualities of light and weather conditions that he found in the Cap d’Antibes, the bright light and intense hues of the Riviera were a revelation for Monet, offering an entirely new perspective on one of his most favored motifs. After an exploratory visit taken with Pierre-Auguste Renoir in 1883, Monet immediately set about planning a more extended trip alone the following year. Immersing himself in the environment that was so unlike anything he had seen before, he wrote with confidence to his companion, Alice Hoschedé, “Now I really feel the landscape, I can be bold and include every tone of pink and blue: it’s enchanting, it’s delicious.” For a musical expression of the artist’s emergent feeling, we turn to slow, atmospheric, and inventive works which fit anywhere in Monet’s landscape, from the faintest whisp of mountain air to the rocky foreground overlooking the calm morning tide.

\n\n

Winter Melodies

\n\n

Erik Satie - Gymnopédie No. 3

\n\n

Virtual Mage - Sleepy

\n\n

Meat Puppets - Aurora Borealis

\n\n

Jon Hopkins - Emerald Rush

\n\n

Memorex Memories - I Forgot About the Stars

\n\n

Discover More from 20th Century & Contemporary Art >

\n\n

Recommended Reading

\n\n

Two Studies in Intimacy: Henry Moore & Jean Dubuffet >

\n\n

How Art Imitmates Life >

\n","publishDate","2022-02-24T21:35:56.000000Z","authorCredit","Arian Murati","coverPosX",50,"coverPosY","articleUrl","https://www.phillips.com/article/91278677/a-song-for-every-season","auctionEditorialID",1492,"editorialID",3794,"flocklerID",91278677,{"_1602":1626,"_1604":198,"_1605":1627,"_538":1628,"_1608":1629,"_1610":1630,"_1612":1613,"_1614":1615,"_1616":497,"_1617":1631,"_490":196,"_1619":1632,"_1621":1633,"_1623":1634},"https://flockler.com/thumbs/sites/889/warburg-phillips-sale-f519c2fd-d199-4ef4-a1b2-68b288baefc9_s600x0.jpg","Goshka Macuga, Michael Joo, and Cornelia Parker on the \"Warburg Renaissance\" and what the venerable institute means to their work. ","The Future of Cultural Memory: The Warburg Institute Today","

Goshka Macuga, Untitled 5 (Aby Warburg Photograph, April 1896, Pueblo woman escaping into her house at the sight of Warburg’s camera), 2008. 20th Century & Contemporary Art London.

\n\n

Phillips is proud to present a series of works at auction as par of the 4 March 20th Century & Contemporary Art Day Sale in London to support The Warburg Renaissance, a capital transformation project that will create in London’s 21st-Century Knowledge Quarter the interdisciplinary laboratory that founder Aby Warburg dreamed of in early 20th-century Hamburg. We spoke with three artists whose work features in the collection about the unique ways the institute has inspired their practices and understanding of cultural memory.

\n\n

PHILLIPS: What does The Warburg Institute (and the work of Aby Warburg) mean to you?

\n\n

Michael Joo: A living temple to the vision of an intellectual and artistic practice that uses history to acknowledge and create new pathways to the histories yet unacknowledged and unwritten; a place of learning and the energy generated by this.

\n\n

Cornelia Parker: My first brush with art history was when I was 15 years old and was taught by my art teachers, knowledge gleaned from Gombrich’s The Story of Art. A seed was planted in my imagination, a catalyst that propelled me towards a career in art. In 1999, I was invited to make an exhibition at the Warburg by Penelope Curtis. She wanted to show some of my Avoided Objects, which were small works using non objects. For instance, The Negatives of Words used residue excavated when carving words into silver by hand. Similarly, Collected Death of Images was made from sheets of silver reclaimed from photographic fix. I always think of the Warburg Institute as a perfect, quiet place to absorb culture, so it was a good fit.

\n\n

Goshka Macuga: Aby Warburg is an important figure to me. Having been first introduced to his work years ago before working on my project for Kunsthalle Basel, Warburg’s work and persona has had a lasting impact on me, particularly his relationship to knowledge. More widely, Warburg has had a great influence, not only on artists and scholars, but also on people who are generally interested in knowledge. The institute’s role in keeping the personal story of Warburg’s life and the history of his collection in London preserved is a great one, as a testament, not only to the history of Europe from the 19th -21st centuries, but also as something with more global significance.

\n\n

P: Tell us a bit about the work you’ve donated and why you chose it.

\n\n

CP: I have chosen one of my photogravures for my donation to the Warburg auction. I made it using glassware that belonged to the pioneer of photography Fox Talbot. He had made a famous image of his Articles of Glass in 1844. Of nineteen pieces of glassware only eight remain, the others lost or broken. The Bodleian Library in Oxford houses those that are left. I made a request to borrow the glass and made a series of photogravures using them as a kind of glass negative. Breaking with Talbot’s formal approach, my compositions are somewhat more animated.

\n\n

MJ: DRWN is from a series of works involving animals that live in or migrate through contested territories, borders and de-militarized zones. Though these liminal spaces are constructs, the particular ecosystems that form inside them and at their edges are very real. This artwork presents the legs from an endangered crane specimen that are cast in an aluminum and graphite composite; one, from a direct cast and the other its 3D-scanned and reverse-printed doppelganger. The work is installed from a height, tracing the wall’s surface on the way to the pair's final position on the floor. Each time they are installed, a trace of them is left behind, slowly contributing to their physical dissolution as indicated by the marks left on the wall above each cast. For me, the act of doing in order to see, and its requisite complication of the present and future seemed to have some resonance in my thinking about Aby Warburg and the Institute.

\n\n

GM: I’m donating a photograph taken by Aby Warburg in 1896 at the Hopi village during his trip to the region of the Pueblo Indians in North America. This image was featured in my exhibition at the Kunsthalle Basel in 2009, I am Become Death. I am donating this work to the auction to support The Warburg Institute’s plans for the upcoming renovation of the building. The funds raised through the auction could support transcription, translation and digitization of the Warburg’s collection to make parts of the Institute more accessible to the public.

\n\n

\n\n

Cornelia Parker, Fox Talbot's Articles of Glass (all that are left), 2016. 20th Century & Contemporary Art London.

\n\n

P: How does history inform your art?

\n\n

MJ: In my work, I like drawing from biased historical narratives and complicating them with complex material identities that contain their own timelines and facts. Perhaps it’s possible that these collisions of human and a-human truths and priorities can generate entangled relationships and new narratives of existence and co-existence on our planet.

\n\n

GM: My Kunsthalle Basel show combined different strands of historical and artistic research, reflecting on Aby Warburg’s trip in the USA in 1895-96 and the Robert Morris exhibition Bodyspacemotionthings at the Tate in 1971, as well as Herbert Bayer’s Road to Victory exhibition in 1942. Through this path I tried to access different moments in time and different political stances closely related to the neo-colonial history of the United States of America. Warburg’s trip to the US directly linked with the expansion of the American Frontier in the 19th Century. Road to Victory helped to summarize U.S influence, during and post-WWII. The work of Robert Morris allowed me to draw parallels between American Wars, starting from the Vietnam War to more contemporary conflicts. I also followed the steps of Aby Warburg and traveled to the Native American Hopi tribe reservation in New Mexico as part of my research for the making of Snake Society.

\n\n

P: How do you see the relationship between books and images?

\n\n

GM: Warburg’s last, unfinished project was a “picture atlas” arranged on forty screens, titled by him: Mnemosyne. The Atlas, designed to serve as a storyboard or mnemonic device, was the culmination of forty years of his intellectual development and to this day remains as enigmatic as it was in 1929. The subjective narrative illustrated by a juxtaposition of images and texts carried deep symbolic value and until his death was open to continued rearrangements and updates, sparked by events such as the signing of the concordat with Mussolini or news of Eckener’s Zeppelin docking in New York.

\n\n

MJ: The acts of reading or writing involve an image making that can be explicit or fluid. Since these are just beyond space as we experience it, they are not fixed by material limitations and laws of the physical world. I’m drawn to the tension of this “un-fixedness” in relation to sculpture. Reading itself calls for a personal relationship to the material presented which, when combined with human experience and day-to-day life, can transform information to knowledge in an act of intellectual alchemy. Knowledge itself as an art medium is a contemporary, relevant and essential thing to consider in this day and age. The use of data to generate artforms if guided by the right algorithms, can speak to this.

\n\n

\n\n

Michael Joo, DRWN (Carunculatus) AI 2, 2015. 20th Century & Contemporary Art London.

\n\n

P: Are there any texts that have inspired your practice?

\n\n

GM: My second project – the script for Preparatory Notes for a Chicago Comedy, developed by Dieter Roelstraete and I – was based on my findings in The Warburg Institute Archive in London. While researching there in 2007, I came across information that Warburg wrote a play critiquing the art scene in Hamburg – his hometown. In his script, titled Hamburg Conversations on Art: Hamburg Comedy, characters (possibly resembling the members of his own family and friends) discussed or argued matters related to contemporary art at the time. The original text in the archive was in German, handwritten by Warburg. We had to translate it to English, using the essence of Warburg’s text to write our own script, reflecting on the global contemporary art scene today.

\n\n

P: The Warburg Institute is a place of cultural memory – what role do you think memory plays in art?

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MJ: Memory is foundational in establishing the reference markers to navigate society and the world and gives us a sense of autonomy and identity. At its most complex, I see it as a non-structural framework, perhaps like a grid in space containing all one has experienced, whether maker or viewer, which when superimposed onto the artwork or its process, helps to establish different constellations of meaning between image or object and the way we think the world works. At its most basic, it can serve as an unattainable ideal in the process of making an image or object; always on the tip of one’s tongue and fingertips and generative of something beyond representation.

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GM: Memory is fundamental in human existence as it determines how we link past events with the present as well as the future. In art, memory not only exists as a subject of research, but also as a tool, an important mechanism essential in building structures that reflect the complexities of our individual and social existence. Memory is what unites us in the sharing of pain and pleasure, as well as in our basic ability to relate to each other and our environment.

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The Warburg Institute primarily consists of image-based materials, carefully assembled by Warburg himself and put to work in projects such as Mnemosyne Atlas. In a similar way to Giordano Bruno’s Memory Wheels, Robert Fludd’s architectural visualization or Ramon Lull’s alchemical diagrams, Warburg’s Atlas can be seen as a complex system of ideas that reflect not only the history of art, but also the shared psyche of his time. The Warburg Institute has been instrumental in research and studies for art historians and visual artists and stands as a monument or a structure of knowledge that feeds cultural memory in its own right. One of the most elaborate and inspiring studies of the history of memory systems (by Francis A. Yates in The Art of Memory) is unsurprisingly affiliated with the Warburg Institute:

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“Though the mnemotechnical side of the art is always present, both in antiquity and thereafter, and forms the factual basis for its investigation, the exploration of it must include more than the history of its techniques. Mnemosyne, said the Greeks, is the mother of the Muses; the history of the training of this most fundamental and elusive of human powers will plunge us into deep waters.”

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Discover More from 20th Century & Contemporary Art >

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Recommended Reading

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Two Studies in Intimacy: Henry Moore & Jean Dubuffet >

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How Art Imitmates Life >

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Anselm Kiefer, Freia's Garden, 2013. 20th Century & Contemporary Art London.

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Phillips' 20th Century & Contemporary Art Sale in London on 3 March is an exceptional number of works whose scale, scope, and variety span from deeply historical landscape rendering to present-day examinations of iconography. We've assembled a roundup of key pieces across the sale for an overview of a remarkable collection.

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Anselm Kiefer

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Rooted in one of Kiefer’s most enduring motifs – the persistence of nature and blooming of flowers amid a desolate and destroyed landscape – Anselm Kiefer’s Freia’s Garden is a powerfully affecting work from one of the most significant artists working in Germany today. First presented at the Royal Academy’s substantial 2014 retrospective and executed the year before, Freia’s Garden belongs to Kiefer’s Morgenthau series, a cycle of works engaging directly with myth, memory, and the question of German post-war consciousness. The present work is a masterful expression of the innovative and philosophical dimensions of Kiefer’s practice, Kiefer used this armature as a way of imagining an alternative pastoral history that is not only markedly different to the post-war Germany that he grew up in, but that might help us collectively come to terms with a deeply traumatic past. In its monumental scale and arresting, immersive intensity, Freia’s Garden is a paradigmatic example of Kiefer’s reinvention of the landscape tradition. A meditative reflection on the history of landscape painting and of the role that landscape – both real and imagined – continues to play in the German psyche and cultural memory, Freia’s Garden sits at the intersection of the past and the future, the spiritual and the terrestrial, death and rebirth.

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Issy Wood, Chalet, 2019. 20th Century & Contemporary Art London.

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Issy Wood

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Referencing her classical style and the darkly imaginative world that her paintings inhabit, interdisciplinary vanguard artist Issy Wood describes herself as a “medieval millennial.” Taking her source material from old auction catalogues, her grandmother’s compellingly dated possessions, and photographs taken with her phone, Wood unpicks the thread of tragedy that she finds quietly woven through contemporary commodity culture, maintaining a level of temporal dissonance that radically undercuts the sharply polished qualities of traditional Surrealism. Chalet is typical of Wood’s seductive style, belonging to a body of work that includes her closely cropped and magnified images of car interiors, leather jackets, and everyday commodities that are made unsettling in their proximity to bodies, desires, and an alluring darkness that extends far beyond her chromatic preferences, drawing together a wide net of disparate associations including masculinity, deviance, lust, and violence, with the artist self-consciously playing on slippery distinctions between inside and outside, objects and objectification. Velvet painting has been historically designated wealth, prestige, and opulence. Slipping into kitsch in more recent years with popular subjects including depictions of Elvis Presley and Jesus however, the luxury material now also signifies a somewhat seedier set of associations that Wood amplifies to such powerful effect here. Wood’s use of materials draws on the fetishistic – velvet’s tactility, like fur’s, working with the proximity of gloves to hands, human touch, and sensuality to produce a charged erotic symbolism.

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Felix Gonzalez-Torres, Untitled (March 5th) #2, 1991. 20th Century & Contemporary Art London.

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Felix Gonzalez-Torres

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Highly representative of the artist’s conceptual practice in its charged use of everyday objects and expansive thematic scope, “Untitled” (March 5th) #2 marks the Felix Gonzalez-Torres' first use of illuminated light bulbs, directly prefiguring the celebrated light strings which have since become synonymous with the artist. Of the artist’s works made with light bulbs, “Untitled” (March 5th) #2 is poetic in its careful union of concept and execution, the two bare bulbs elegantly suspended from long cords and intertwined like two lives. Contemplative and deeply poetic, it is a profoundly moving sculptural expression that is at once personal and poignantly universal, evoking myriad associations such as love, loss, and the potential for continuous renewal. “Untitled” (March 5th) #2 comprises two standard light bulbs in porcelain sockets, hanging from electrical cords, gently resting in the warm, softly diffused glow of the other. Executed in 1991, the year his partner Ross Laycock died of complications from AIDS, the work may be seen as a discreet celebration of the beginning of life rather than the finitude of death, as the work quietly incorporates Ross’s birthday into the parenthetical portion of its title. Formally, Gonzalez-Torres’s use of parentheses alludes to the subtle ways in which language can shape our experiences, while also ensuring that his own experiences and references do not circumscribe the potential meanings that his work might accrue over time. The profound power of a work like “Untitled” (March 5th) #2 lies not only in the experience of a specific historical moment, not only in the austere and resonant beauty of its form (and its subtle reference to a loved one), but in its graceful proposition that illness and loss are fundamentally interlaced with a potential for infinite renewal.

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Alexander Archipenko, Statue on a Triangular Base, 1969. 20th Century & Contemporary Art London.

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Alexander Archipenko

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Coming to auction directly from the highly distinguished collection of The Museum of Modern Art, New York, this important work by Ukrainian-born sculptor Alexander Archipenko comes with an exceptional provenance.

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Statue on a Triangular Base is a preeminent example of the distinctive visual language pioneered by Archipenko during this formative period of his career. One of the earliest artists to apply broadly Cubist techniques to three-dimensional forms, the young Archipenko was a central player in the European avant-garde in the significant early decades of the twentieth century and was included in some of the era’s most definitive exhibitions, including the infamous 1911 Salon des Indépendents and the epoch-defining 1913 Armory Show in New York. Supremely elegant in its careful compositional balance and attention to structural form, the statue extracts the essence of a female figure with a remarkable lightness of touch: presented in an exaggerated contrapposto pose, the angular form of the arm is perfectly mirrored by the triangular base of the title. Poised between these two, opposing diagonal forces, the sculpture contains an enormous amount of energy and kinetic potentiality, recalling the defining sculptural image of a body in motion. Establishing a lively dialogue between material and subject, the rendering of these geometric planes in bronze further accentuates the sense of taut musculature and fluid movement achieved in Archipenko’s treatment of plastic volume.

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Renato Guttuso, Aranceto Notturno, 1957. 20th Century & Contemporary Art London.

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Renato Guttuso

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A testament to its arresting visual power and art historical importance, Renato Guttuso’s Aranceto Notturno comes to auction with exceptional provenance, coming directly from the highly distinguished collection of The Museum of Modern Art, New York.

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Renato Guttuso remains one of Italy’s most highly esteemed post-war painters for giving form to a generation’s struggles in the face of Fascist oppression and the destruction wrought by World War II. Aranceto Notturno is typical of the artist’s accessible style and his celebration of the landscape and everyday lives of southern Italy and its people. Although his name is often associated with his more overtly political canvases, Guttuso’s painterly foundations are rooted in his native landscape, commenting later in life that his deepest inspiration was found “in my childhood, my people, my peasants […] the gardens of lemons and oranges.” Guttuso developed his own, distinctive brand of realism counter to the perceived elitism associated with abstraction in favor of a more expressionistic use of line and heavily saturated Mediterranean palette which would prove to be hugely influentially in shaping the artistic currents of Italian art in the immediate post-war period. Richly painted in a flurry of precisely fragmented brushstrokes in alternating flashes of electric blue, deep, mossy greens, limes, and of course the bold, bright orbs of orange edged in white, Aranceto Notturno is a dramatic example of Guttuso’s technical virtuosity and skill.

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Robert Nava, Sylvia (87 Sylvia), 2020. 20th Century & Contemporary Art London.

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Robert Nava

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Robert Nava’s playful and intentionally naïve approach to painting combines a childlike simplicity and nostalgic sense of uninhibited playfulness, allowing him to evoke fantastic narratives in the most direct of means. Sylvia (87 Sylvia) is one of six large-scale canvases exhibited in Nava’s self-titled solo exhibition at Sorry We’re Closed in Brussels in 2020. Each work in the exhibition represents an allegory pertaining to a different irreverent theme from Time to Ecology. Sylvia (87 Sylvia) is the Allegory of Extinction, number 6 of 6, its place in the series is fitting of the finality of its theme. The conception of Sylvia (87 Sylvia) is poised precariously between light and darkness, with two thirds of the picture plane enveloped by the inky blackness of night. As if wiped away, like condensation on a bathroom mirror, gaps in the black pigment create four windows into the scene behind, allowing the viewer glimpses of the monstrous being behind. Heavily abstracted by the encroaching darkness, Nava’s beasts are a tangle of teeth, scales, and claws, interrupted by planes of cobalt blue and gestural strokes of violet. The flashes of red and yellow pierce the picture space, conjuring images of lightning, lasers, and violent spurts of blood. These references to ingenuous violence are possibly what resonates so strongly with a generation of collectors raised on video games, sci-fi and fantasy stories.

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KAWS, THIS IS THE WAY, 2014. 20th Century & Contemporary Art London.

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KAWS

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Larger than life and dominated by vibrantly saturated color, KAWS’ monumental work THIS IS THE WAY synthesizes the artist’s unique blending of art history, pop culture, and contemporary iconography. In the present work, KAWS juxtaposes snippets and fragments from his cast of appropriated characters, fusing them into a singularly specific reinterpretation of the original source material. This collision of familiar cartoons is simultaneously discernable and jarringly unfamiliar, a feverish assembly of referential content in the era of intellectual property ubiquity. Existing within the figure is a medley of superimposed personalities, from comic strip animals Garfield and Odie, to the Muppet Gonzo and the Nickelodeon characters Spongebob Squarepants and Squidward against a recognizable Smurf. In this way KAWS masterfully tips the balance between the innocence and play typically associated with childhood cartoons, promoting a distinctive sense of unease which showcases the artist’s unique capacity to create uncanny and ominous works in equal measure. Commanding in scale and arresting in its vibrant tonality and universally legible pictorial content, THIS IS THE WAY successfully dissolves the purported distinctions between fine art and mass media, culture both high and low, and exemplifies the highly accessible art for which KAWS has become best known.

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Jack Whitten, Space Busters III, 2014. 20th Century & Contemporary Art London.

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Jack Whitten

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Executed in the twilight years of the artist’s radically innovative career, Space Busters III exemplifies Jack Whitten’s thought-provoking and investigative work. Best known for his abstract canvases, mosaic-like composition, and deep engagement with the legacy of African American history, Whitten’s relentless technical experimentalism and exploration into the materiality of painting showcases the painter’s often radical experimentation with his medium; having exhausted the possibilities of paint and brush. In its relentless material creativity, Space Busters III sprawls across the canvas in an incandescent explosion of form and color, examining of the limits of paint in tandem with an overtly sculptural process that juxtaposes two and three-dimensional forms to create a composition bursting with the kind of energy the artist employed to veritably shatter the distinctions between painting and sculpture. Whitten’s playful interrogation of space is analogous to the experimentation and subversion of what might be his foundational artistic inspiration – Jazz. Whitten’s own artistic practice bears the hallmarks of crafted improvision and chromatic alteration characteristic of Jazz music.iii In Space Buster III, the taut lattice of tiny white orbs, sculpted by the artist through casting a mixture of polyurethane and acrylic, provides a clean, static structure, or in musical parlance a composition, around which an improvisation of whorls of inky black, cobalt blue, and jade green paint swirl and oscillate in undulating concentric loops.

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Discover More from 20th Century & Contemporary Art >

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Recommended Reading

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Two Studies in Intimacy: Henry Moore & Jean Dubuffet >

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How Art Imitmates Life >

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Left: Doron Langberg, Amy in Her Studio, 2017. 20th Centuy & Contemporary Art Evening Sale. Right: Sungi Mlengeya, Chaotic Disposition, 2020. 20th Century & Contemporary Art Day Sale.

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For some, the doldrum days between February and March are yet another opportunity to take stock of the changes behind and the days ahead. In that spirit, we've looked to the emerging artists of our 20th Century & Contemporary Art Day & Evening London Sales for six timeless lessons in personal growth that will (hopefully) bring out the best in us.

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Vulnerability: Doron Langberg & Sungi Mlengeya

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It’s rather fitting that February is split exactly (most of the time) in half by the lead up to and the fallout from a commercial holiday about love, and one that explicitly targets our vulnerability toward the world. As Doron Langberg and Sungi Miengeya capture so acutely, it’s the vulnerability of self that endures and endears.

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Israeli-born, New York-based Doron Langberg creates vibrant works typified by vulnerability, queer intimacy, and community. Shown here alone, Langberg’s friend and fellow artist Amy sits pensively in her studio, elusive and absorbed in thought, the tools of her trade scattered around her. As a working space where the artist explores ideas and turns them into material realities, the studio vividly captures this porous exchange between interiority and environment. Self-taught Tanzanian artist Sungi Miengeya’s exploration of negative space in Chaotic Disposition (2020) presents an intimate, liberating moment alone; the kind of moments that allow us to find whatever is it we want – clarity, silence, anything – away from external pressures.

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Left: Serge Attukwei Clottey, Jidenna, 2020-2021. 20th Century & Contemporary Art Day Sale. Right: Foster Sakyiamah, Yellow Girls Synced, 2021. 20th Century & Contemporary Art Day Sale.

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Poise: Serge Attukwei Clottey & Foster Sakyiamah

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Powerfully self-possessed, Ghanaian artist Serge Attukwei’s figures embody a poise and elegance we might all aspire to. This is especially evident in Jidenna (2020–2021), where the subject’s face is turned slightly upward, equally inquisitive and knowing. Clottey is perhaps best known for his Afrogallonism concept, making use of the ubiquitous yellow gallon containers around Accra to invent works in myriad forms. However, Clottey’s focus on the figure carries equal weight in his practice, here offering a compelling counterpoint to his assemblages.

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So too does Foster Sakyiamah’s Yellow Girls Synced (2021) exhibit this graceful balance – neither practiced stoicism or performative gesture, but an inalienable confidence that shines through any pose. Another emerging Ghanian talent, Sakyiamah is a graduate of Ghanatta College of Art and Design whose paintings express the dynamic richness of subjects interacting with their environment in expressive, composed ways. Grecian-style swirls and feline accompaniment create an energy in the present work as it builds around the canvas, poised to launch into kinetic movement at the subjects’ count

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Left: Rafa Macarrón, Balcones, 2018. 20th Century & Contemporary Art Evening Sale. Right: Avery Singer, Prada Mask, 2012. 20th Century & Contemporary Art Day Sale.

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Dimension: Rafa Macarrón & Avery Singer

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Leave it to flatness to give a perfect summary of dimension. Self-taught artist Rafa Macarrón’s subjects in Balcones (2018) engage with their surroundings in a way that pushes the limits of two-dimensional space. His 13 subjects smoke cigarettes, sit under rain clouds, and look out from comically sized glasses, stacked against an acid yellow and fluorescent orange ground. A physiotherapist by training, Macarrón has a carefully studied knowledge of human anatomy, which he relates directly to his characteristic distorted figures and simplified gestures, pushed right up against the picture surface.

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The deceptive simplicity of Avery Singer’s Prada Mask (2012) – centered by its voided eyes – offers a look at the infinite depth of a single color. Singer’s use of technology is key in her practice: the artist manipulates technologies to illustrate historical artistic references and explore the possibilities of software. The present work uses an architectural design modeling program to render a flattened, sharp refocus of the artist’s engagement with Modernism.

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Left: Jadé Fadojutimi, Swamp, 2015. 20th Century & Contemporary Art Day Sale. Right: Jordy Kerwick, Cool Cats, 2019. 20th Century & Contemporary Art Day Sale.

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Resilience: Jadé Fadojutimi & Jordy Kerwick

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Resilience is a twofold implication: first, the ability to bounce back from difficulty; second, the ability to shape a path forward. Jadé Fadojutimi’s Swamp (2015) is an example of the artist’s exploration into the abstract places of her mind. Born and raised in East London to Nigerian parents, Fadojutimi’s British-Nigerian cultural duality raised continuous questions for the artist around identity. A transitional environment combining both land and water and operating as a site of rebirth and transformation even in the face of unwelcoming conditions, it is tempting to read an autobiographical element at work in this stunningly light composition.

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Resilience is also a staple in parables and folklore, two influences for Australian artist Jordy Kerwick. The self-taught painter explores the imagination as a landscape of its own, one to be fully embraced instead of limited by expectation. Kerwick’s tactile surfaces are rendered in thick layers of oil paint. The present work, Cool Cats (2015), is an exercise in repetition; the artist created several iterations of flowers and bookstacks, often with cheeky references – not in search of perfection, but rather as examples of the repetitive nature of everyday life and the simple difference between falling into routine and finding enjoyment.

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Left: Lauren Quin, Airsickness, 2021. 20th Century & Contemporary Art Evening Sale. Right: Antonia Showering, It Wasn't To Be, 2017. 20th Century & Contemporary Art Day Sale.

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Vitality: Lauren Quin & Antonia Showering

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Ah, vitality, the quality that beacons outward and brings others to us. It is magnetic, hard to place, but immediately felt. California-based artist Lauren Quin’s Airsickness (2021) seems at a digital collage; however, her methods are remarkably analog, involving drawing, scratching, systematic mark-making, and a form of trace mono-printing whereby the surface of the work is gently pressed onto an ink-covered pane of glass. These stained and carved line drawings create an organic warmth that draws the viewer in all directions, following the energy of snaking tubes that oscillate between microscopic and interdimensional.

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Opposite Quin’s immutable vitality, Antonia Showering transforms the familiar glow of a family portrait into a self-contained universe. Almost Polaroid-like in its framing – not fully focused, off-center, with indeterminate subjects – the British artist gives us a glimpse of a shared moment, as if taking a picture, not as a fellow family member, but as a passerby asked kindly to hold the camera. There, in the viewfinder, we find what we are most drawn to: an invitation to see and be seen, a reciprocal form of interaction between art and life.

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Left: Cinga Samson, Ubuhle beenkanyezi VIII, 2018. 20th Century & Contemporary Art Evening Sale. Right: Cecily Brown, When Time Ran Out, 2016. 20th Century & Contemporary Art Evening Sale.

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Connection: Cinga Samson & Cecily Brown

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So crucial is connection to life that after the fuss of food, water, and shelter, connection can be understood as the formative element of the human condition. The methods with which we create connections go beyond the constraints of the knowable world, and so are constantly forming novel ways of expression. Cinga Samson's Ubuhle beenkanyezi VIII (2018) translates from the Zulu dialect as The Beauty of the Stars – its subject appears as a messanger between two realms, liminally between physical and spiritual planes. With its otherworldly eyes and possessive stance, the subject comes into frame with a conceptual distance, although its presence signals an imperative: connection. Whether present to warn, empower, or relay, the messenger as a universal subject is the connective tissue between the viewer and world it inhabits.

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A connection with history is at the heart of Cecily Brown's When Time Ran Out (2016). The shipwreck – one of Brown's signature motifs – draws its intensity directly from Jean-Louis Théodore Géricault’s 19th century masterwork, La Balsa de la Medusa, as its contorted figures strain against their fates. Some faces are trodden, others defiant in a critical moment in Géricault’s version, as a rescue ship is finally spotted in the distance. Brown’s abstracted painting replaces the horizon with the gangrenous hue of decay, and yet, in the composite chaos, we see her faces seeking each other, looking outward, attempting to find something, even in a hopeless situation. The imperative here is Beckettian: “I can’t go on. I’ll go on.”

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Discover More from 20th Century & Contemporary Art >

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Recommended Reading

\n\n

Two Studies in Intimacy: Henry Moore & Jean Dubuffet >

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Birds of a Feather: Phillips x ARTEMARTIS >

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John Chamberlain

《搶奪賭徒鮑勃》

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John Chamberlain