Provenance
LA Louver, Los Angeles
Literature
N. Stangos, ed., David Hockney: Paper Pools, London, 1980, p. 99 (illustrated); K. E. Tyler, Tyler Graphics: Catalogue Raisonné, 1974–1985, Minneapolis, 1987, p. 391 (illustrated)
Catalogue Essay
In 1978, David Hockney was travelling from London to Los Angeles, his second home, when he paid a visit to his friend, the lithographer Ken Tyler, in Bedford Village, New York. Having lost his driving licence, Hockney extended what was originally a brief stop-over to a longer stay during which he collaborated with Tyler on what would become one of his most celebrated bodies of work, the Paper Pool series. As Hockney waited for his replacement licence to arrive, Tyler showed him some works made with paper pulp using a revolutionary printing technique which produced brilliant and dazzling colour. Hockney was so intrigued that he spent the next several months creating 29 works based on the motif of Tyler’s swimming pool of which Autumn Pool, the present lot, is
an outstanding example.

The swimming pool is without doubt the most recognisable motif in David Hockney’s oeuvre. Since the mid-1960s, Hockney has painted, drawn, photographed and printed the image of the swimming pool. Emerging out of the greyness of the post-war years, Hockney’s depictions of Californian swimming pools and their association with a glamorous and exotic life of sun, wealth and leisure, ushered in a period of renewed optimism, youthfulness and colour in Britain. The Tate Gallery’s A Bigger Splash, arguably Hockney’s most famous painting, is an early work depicting a diver’s splash in a swimming pool in the garden of a modernist house under a typical warm, sunny, cloudless Southern California day. The culmination of a series of three paintings based on the same motif, A Bigger Splash sees Hockney engage with the age-old problem of how to create an illusion of light, space and volume. Using flat blocks of highly saturated colours, Hockney defined with unprecedented vitality and innovation a classic yet modern landscape.
Autumn Pool, executed 12 years later in an entirely different, radical medium, is a continuation and evolution of the themes and compositional devices Hockney first examined in A Bigger Splash. While the swimming pool and diving board remain, the house recedes into the background, leaving the focus of the image on the illusion of light, space and volume by the opposition of line and colour and of surface and perspectival depth.

Autumn Pool is a tightly framed pictorial composition across six sheets of paper, with a composite, tessellated image of a pool and its diving board. The picture’s balanced layout is dominated by the strong vertical and horizontal lines of the jutting diving board and the edges on the pool. Accentuated by the protruding white board, the composition’s one-point perspective effortlessly draws the viewer’s eye across the brilliant, jewel-like tones of the pool’s water which reflects and refracts the luminous light drenching the outdoor scene. While the bold lines define a perspective, Hockney’s lack of formal tonal recession reinforces the abstract flatness of the picture plane. Simple and daring in its formal design, Autumn Pool is filled with a tension between the figuration of the composite image and the abstraction of each individual sheet.

This mode of representation has been an ongoing concern in Hockney’s work, especially in Polaroid photographic pieces in which the image is made up of a mosaic of accumulated detailed images. Another major formal influence are the Japanese woodblock prints, Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji by Hokusai, with their sense of compressed space and emphasis on diagonal perspective – a visual and compositional effect clearly seen in Autumn Pool.

Ever since his move to Los Angeles in 1964, Hockney has been interested in the ways in which water can be represented. The technique used to create Paper Pools, was developed with Hockney by Ken Tyler, a renowned
printmaker who also worked with Jasper Johns and Robert Rauschenberg. The method involved mixing water with coloured paper pulp before the combination is sandwiched between felts in a hydraulic process. So concerned was Hockney with emphasizing the inherent wetness of water that he used over a thousand gallons of water to create the series. Paper pulp allowed Hockney to produce a unique, one-of-a-kind image in which rich, intense colour is not applied to the surface but is part of the actual fabric of the paper itself. The resulting colour has a brilliance similar to Yves Klein’s International Klein Blue. With its extraordinary brightness, Hockney was able to define space and composition in terms of mass of colour instead of line, an artistic exploration reminiscent of the work of Henri Matisse and his paper cut-outs. Although as a whole more representational in form and subject matter, the individual abstracted fields of intense, bleeding colour in Autumn Pool produce in the viewer the same powerful emotional experience as a Mark Rothko painting.
Artist Biography
David Hockney
David Hockney (b. 1937) is one of the most well-known and celebrated artists of the
20th and 21st centuries. He works across many mediums, including painting, collage,
and more recently digitally, by creating print series on iPads. His works show semi-
abstract representations of domestic life, human relationships, floral, fauna, and the
changing of seasons.

Hockney has exhibited at the Museum of Modern Art in New York, the Royal
Academy of Arts in London, and the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam, among many
other institutions. On the secondary market, his work has sold for more than $90
million.

View More Works

13

David Hockney

Autumn Pool (Paper Pool 29)

1978
Colored and pressed paper pulp in six parts.
182.9 x 215.9 cm. (72 x 85 1/2 in).
Initialed and dated 'DH 78' lower right.

Estimate
£700,000 - 1,000,000 ‡♠

Sold for £1,329,250

Contemporary Art Evening Sale

13 October 2010
London

1
Wade Guyton
Untitled
Estimate £25,000 - 35,000 ‡
Sold for £61,250
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2
Kelley Walker
Untitled
Estimate £60,000 - 80,000
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3
Aaron Young
Greeting Card 10a
Estimate £80,000 - 120,000 †
Sold for £121,250
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4
Mark Grotjahn
Untitled (Black Butterfly Dioxide Purple MPG 05)
Estimate £250,000 - 350,000 †
Sold for £361,250
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5
Christopher Wool
Untitled (P489)
Estimate £150,000 - 200,000 ‡
Sold for £331,250
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6
Kara Walker
Me "Jane"
Estimate £80,000 - 120,000 ‡
Sold for £85,250
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7
Maurizio Cattelan
Una Domenica a Rivara (A Sunday in Rivara)
Estimate £400,000 - 600,000 ♠
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8
Andy Warhol
The Scream (After Edvard Munch)
Estimate £500,000 - 700,000
Sold for £657,250
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9
Sterling Ruby
SP58
Estimate £150,000 - 250,000 ♠†
Sold for £193,250
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10
Kutlug Ataman
Stefan's Room
Estimate £40,000 - 60,000 Ω♠
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11
This lot is no longer available.
12
Antony Gormley
Sublimate XVI
Estimate £200,000 - 300,000 ‡♠
Sold for £277,250
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13
David Hockney
Autumn Pool (Paper Pool 29)
Estimate £700,000 - 1,000,000 ‡♠
Sold for £1,329,250
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14
Barry Flanagan RA
Hare on Pyramid
Estimate £250,000 - 350,000
Sold for £409,250
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15
Ed Ruscha
Bee?
Estimate £400,000 - 600,000
Sold for £331,250
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16
George Condo
The Irish Barber
Estimate £150,000 - 200,000 ‡
Sold for £163,250
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17
Thomas Zipp
Fahnentraegerin
Estimate £15,000 - 20,000 ‡♠
Sold for £25,000
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18
Anselm Reyle
Untitled
Estimate £80,000 - 120,000 ‡♠
Sold for £79,250
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19
Thomas Helbig
Untitled
Estimate £10,000 - 15,000 ‡♠
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20
Andy Hope
Death World
Estimate £20,000 - 30,000 ‡♠
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21
Jonathan Meese
Stalinietzsche de Large, im achten Ozean
Estimate £40,000 - 60,000 ‡♠
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22
Anselm Reyle
Untitled (Otto Freundlich mystic jogging)
Estimate £50,000 - 70,000 ‡♠
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23
Lothar Hempel
Casanova
Estimate £15,000 - 20,000 Ω♠
Sold for £15,000
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24
André Butzer
Untitled
Estimate £20,000 - 30,000 ‡♠
Sold for £20,000
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25
Jonathan Meese
Fräulein Einhorn
Estimate £25,000 - 35,000 ‡♠
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26
Andy Hope
4419 (AH/M 3)
Estimate £20,000 - 30,000 ‡♠
Sold for £20,000
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27
Anselm Reyle
Untitled
Estimate £100,000 - 150,000 ‡♠
Sold for £115,250
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28
André Butzer
N-Fleisch
Estimate £20,000 - 30,000 ‡♠
Sold for £25,000
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29
Jonathan Meese
Kampf dem Spiel (letze Runde)
Estimate £50,000 - 70,000 ‡♠
Sold for £51,650
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30
Tal R
Cusines
Estimate £40,000 - 60,000 ♠†
Sold for £55,250
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31
Martin Kippenberger
Einsam? (Lonesome?)
Estimate £150,000 - 200,000 †
Sold for £181,250
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32
George Condo
Smiling Girl with Blue Eye Shadow
Estimate £80,000 - 120,000 ‡
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33
Dana Schutz
Last Man On Earth From Observation
Estimate £150,000 - 250,000 †
Sold for £181,250
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34
Barnaby Furnas
Untitled (Effigy I)
Estimate £20,000 - 30,000 †
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35
Grayson Perry
Two Children Born on the Same Day
Estimate £20,000 - 30,000 ♠†
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36
Yan Pei-Ming
Mao
Estimate £100,000 - 150,000 ♠
Sold for £133,250
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37
Andy Warhol
Mao
Estimate £250,000 - 350,000 ‡
Sold for £469,250
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38
Shi Xinning
Royal Coach
Estimate £50,000 - 70,000 †
Sold for £61,250
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39
Terence Koh
These Decades that We Never Sleep, Black Light
Estimate £40,000 - 60,000 †
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40
Richard Phillips
Chastity
Estimate £150,000 - 200,000 ‡
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41
Banks Violette
SunnO))) - (Repeater) Decay/Coma
Estimate £200,000 - 300,000 †
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42
Cady Noland
Untitled
Estimate £100,000 - 150,000
Sold for £121,250
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43
Aaron Young
The Young and the Driftless (and details)
Estimate £20,000 - 30,000 †
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44
Gavin Turk
Unoriginal Signature
Estimate £50,000 - 70,000 ♠†
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45
Damien Hirst
Second series biopsy: M122/105
Estimate £150,000 - 200,000 ♠†
Sold for £181,250
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46
Yayoi Kusama
Infinity Nets
Estimate £250,000 - 350,000
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47
Tracey Emin
I Never Stopped Loving You
Estimate £20,000 - 30,000 ♠
Sold for £58,850
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48
Raymond Pettibon
Untitled (Going with the flow)
Estimate £40,000 - 60,000
Sold for £49,250
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49
Florian Maier-Aichen
Untitled
Estimate £30,000 - 40,000 ♠
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50
Jack Goldstein
Untitled
Estimate £20,000 - 30,000
Sold for £75,650
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51
Laura Owens
Untitled
Estimate £50,000 - 70,000 ‡
Sold for £43,250
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52
Sarah Morris
Swan (Origami)
Estimate £40,000 - 60,000 ‡♠
Sold for £43,250
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53
Chen Zhen
Un village sans frontières
Estimate £50,000 - 70,000
Sold for £163,250
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54
Matthew Day Jackson
Dance of Destruction (featuring "Lady Liberty" as Shiva, Wovoko, Eleanor, and Jim Jones)
Estimate £250,000 - 350,000 †
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55
Yinka Shonibare CBE RA
Two works: 19th Century Kid (Benjamin Disraeli) & 19th Century Kid (William Gladstone)
Estimate £40,000 - 60,000 ‡♠
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56
Kehinde Wiley
Learn from Comrade Wang Guofu!
Estimate £45,000 - 55,000 ‡
Sold for £73,250
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Contemporary Art Evening Sale

13 October 2010 London

Create your first list.

Provenance

Literature

Catalogue Essay

Artist Biography

David Hockney

13

David Hockney

Autumn Pool (Paper Pool 29)

Contemporary Art Evening Sale

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13 October 2010
London