Ellen Gallagher - Evening Editions New York Thursday, April 21, 2011 | Phillips

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  • Catalogue Essay

    During the 1940s, psychologists Kenneth Bancroft Clark and his wife, Mamie Phipps Clark designed what became the landmark “Doll test” to study the psychological effects of segregation on black children. In the “Doll test,” the Clark’s used four plastic, diaper-clad dolls, identical except for color. They showed the dolls to black children between the ages of three and seven and asked them questions to determine racial perception and preference. Almost all of the children readily identified the race of the dolls. However, when asked which they preferred, the majority selected the white doll and attributed positive characteristics to it. The Clarks also gave the children outline drawings of a boy and girl and asked them to color the figures the same color as themselves. Many of the children with dark complexions colored the figures with a white or yellow crayon. The Clarks testified as expert witnesses in Briggs v. Elliott, one of the cases rolled into Brown v. Board of Education (1954). The Clarks’ work contributed to the ruling of the U.S. Supreme Court in which it determined that de jure racial segregation in public education was unconstitutional.

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Bouffant Pride

2002
Photogravure with die-cuts, collage, paint, Plasticine, and toy eye additions, on wove paper, the full sheet,
S. 13 1/2 x 10 1/2 in. (34.3 x 26.7 cm)
signed, dated ‘2002’ and numbered 12/20 in pencil on the reverse (there were also 5 artist’s proofs), published by Two Palms, New York, in very good condition, framed.

Estimate
$20,000 - 30,000 

Sold for $32,500

Evening Editions

21 April 2011
New York